HOW TO MAKE ZAMORA A SUSTAINABLE CITY

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THE BURGUESS OR CONCENTRIC ZONE MODEL

Hoyt model  is based on the circles on the Burgess model, but adds sectors of similar land uses concentrated in parts of the city. Notice how some zones, eg the factories/industry zone, radiate out from the CBD. This is probably following the line of a main road or a railway.

ZAMORA´S URBAN STRUCTURE

Cities are places where large amounts of people and their activities are concentrated.
The city we are going to analyze is in Castile and León, Spain. It is located near the frontier with Portugal and crossed by the Duero river. Where a prehistorical settlement was established.

The city plan shows an irregular layout , which time ago was all surrounded by a large stone wall. In addition, combined with the castle and it´s deep ditch, provided Zamora the name of "la bien cercada" because in ancient times protected Zamora´s inhabitants of invations. Actually, the wall suffered some improvements and ampliations due to the continuous increasing number of population.
The main historic buildings that keeps in, are the cathedral,  the Condes de Alba y Aliste palace , and some other churches. Although, some parisis did not have enough space inside, so they decided to go outskirts. Sadly only 3km of the wall have survived to the years.
Nowadays, the main urban functions of the historic center are cultural and residential. Some of the problems that affect the historic center are the shortage of public transport , the appearance of abbandoned houses, and ageing population. As a result some possible solutions are making wider streets to let pulic transport arrive to it, and also makin more more economic the lands otherwise the abbandoned houses will never be restored and converted in homes.


 The pattern of the expansion zone is irregual, the city was divided by three main streets Santa Clara, San Torcuarto and Balborraz. After that, some of the most representative transformations of this period can be found in the appearance of the flour bussines (Harinas Bobo)(industrial), important and beautiful bourgeois´ houses that provide a great eye enjoyment (residential), Mercado de Abastos (comercial), the construction of the train staition and also some ludic buildings as the Casino.
Despite all these changes, the main urban fuction of the área continue been residential.
Some of the problems which affect this part of the city are traffic in peak hours, building restoration, lack of services and the necesity of a better conditions public transport. However,  some possible solutions are the investment of money and some law changes to reduce traffic.



 The outskirts of the city include the residential areas created to cover the demand of the rural exodus that took place in the 1960s-70s, such as Los Bloques or San José Obrero . In addition, Zamora has residential areas created in the 80s following the Garden City model which are  located next to the hospital, in the wesrtern part of the city. Also we have some residential áreas recently crated in the Zamora´s alfoz, like Siglo XXI, or the one located in Morales del Vino. All of them following a regular pattern.
There are also industrial and business áreas including La Hiniesta and Los Llanos Industrial paks, Vistalegre or Valderaduey  situated all around Zamora. Furthermore, some Zamora´s services are Corazón de María school, Virgen de la Concha, Provincial Hospital and Recoletas  hospitals. Moreover, The main transportation networks found in this area are Autovía A-66, Nacional N-630 and Nacional N-122, apart from the Ave rails.
Some of the problems affecting the outskirts of the city are a lack of a good public transport and too much distance to the city center. However,  some possible solutions are the investment of money in public transport.

WORLD´S CITIES

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PHYSICAL ASIA

ANALYSIS OF A RURAL LANDSCAPE

An agricultural landscape is a natural area which has been modified by humans to obtain products from nature.

The image shows an inland landscape, possibly located in the Iberian Plateau.
refering to the relief, it is a plane without any elevation. The area has no vegetation, except some scarce bushes around the paths, and some few plots, so it is an scrubland landscape, this maiby hapens due to low rainfall. In addition, there are not any rivers, lakes or springs. Probably these is a problem for the farmers of the place which may build Canals to irrigate their plots. According to all these, the climateof this location sims to be arid.

The predominant use of the land is for farming, the plots which are in the image are medium-size  open fields, with dry farming crops of extensive and monoculture parcels. In addition if we pay attention, the furrows and the marks on the lots tell us that are Modern-Mechanized lands probably of a private land ownership.
In the picture we also can see a nucleated rural settlement so a secondary use of the land could be for living and building houses.

This combination of houses and Medium-size plots are typical of rural landscapes, however rural areas are having some issues.
Some of the problems are depopulation the ageing of it and the lack of services and infraestructures like schools, roats, and those ones relacionated with health care like hospitals.

 Among the measures that can be applied to deal with them, we find the creation of industries, this would draw young dependents. In addition, if the government invest in new infrasestructures, the people would not go to big citys, letting their homes alone.

PHYSICAL EUROPE