ANALYSIS OF A POPULATION PYRAMID

ANALYSIS

A population pyramid is a graph that shows the structure of a society by sex and age at a given time and place. The pyramid we are analyzing shows the demographic structure of country 2 in 2012. 
Observing the sex ratio we can say that more boys are born than girls. However, the ratio matches at the 65-69 age group, and when we look at the top of the pyramid we can clearly see that women have a higher life expectancy. The main reasons for that might be that apart from genetics, they also have a healthier lifestyle and they have traditionally been less exposed to demanding or dangerous jobs.
The shape of the pyramid shows a contractive population with convex sides. In addition, the structure of the pyramid exhibits declining birth rates and the flattening slope of the pyramid represents low death rates. According to this, we can mantain that country 2 is turning into an ageing society.This is confirmed by the size of the working population group, which is the largest one, as they will become old dependants in the future.
There are some irregularities in the profile of the pyramid,The 60-64 interval shows a bump due to a post-war baby boom.  While in the 1973-1977 generation we can see a notch, probably produced by decreasing natality during the 1973's Oil Crisis.
The pupulation of Country 3 is going to witness  very low birth rates, longer life expectancy and a higher dependency ratio, so it is going to become a stage 4 country with a contractive population. Possible solutions to these problems might be that the goverment can provide natality incentives to improve birth rates and also consider budget for pensions and retirement expenses for their old dependents.